Chapter One

Business Driven Technology.

1.Management information system and information technology.

Management information system.
 -Provides information that organizations need to manage themselves efficiently and effectively.
 -Typically computer systems used for managing five primary components hardware, software, data, procedures  and people.
 -To the study of how individuals, groups, and organizations evaluate, design, implement, manage, and utilize systems to generate information to improve efficiency and effectiveness of decision making.

Information technology.
-It is a field concerned with the use of technology in managing and processing information.
-The term information technology has ballooned to encompass many aspects of computing and    technology.
-Information technology in and of itself is not useful unless the right people know how to use and manage it.
-Information technology can be an important enabler of business success and innovation.

2. The relationship among people, information technology and information.

Information
-Data is raw facts that describe the characteristic of an event. 
-Example: the number of Uitm Melacca students.
-Information is data converted into a meaningful and useful context.
-Example: the number of students in each faculty. 
-Business Intelligence is applications and technologies that are used to support decision-making efforts. 
-Example: the number of dean list student in each faculty. 
-The people use information technology to work together to get more information. 

3. Departments in a typical business and how technology help them to work together.

-Accounting, records measures and report monetary transactions.
-Sales, performs the function of selling goods and services.
-Operation management, manages the process of converting or transforming resources into goods or  services.
-Marketing, supports sales by planning, pricing, and promoting goods and services. 


4. Types of organizational information cultures.  

Information technology cultures.
-Functional culture is when the employees use information as a means of exercising influence or power over others. Every manager in the organization do their task to make the job more easier.  
-Sharing culture is when the employees across departments trust each other to use information to improve performance. 
-Inquiring culture is when the employees across departments search for information to better understand the future and align themselves with current trends and new directions.
-Discovery culture is when the employees across departments are open to new insights about crisis and radical changes and seek ways to create competitive advantages.